Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT)

What percentage of inorganic material is found in the extracellular matrix of alveolar bone?

1. 50%

2. 65%

3. 75%

4. 85%

The correct answer is: 65%

The correct percentage of inorganic material found in the extracellular matrix of alveolar bone is indeed 65%. Alveolar bone, like other types of osseous tissue, is made up of a composition that includes both organic and inorganic components. The inorganic portion primarily consists of hydroxyapatite, which is a crystalline structure of calcium phosphate. This high percentage of inorganic material is crucial for providing strength and rigidity to the bone, enabling it to withstand the mechanical forces experienced during activities like chewing. The organic component, which includes collagen fibers and non-collagenous proteins, plays a vital role in the overall structure and function of the bone, including its flexibility and the regulation of bone remodeling. An understanding of this composition is essential for dental professionals, as it informs treatment approaches regarding bone health and stability, particularly in procedures such as implants and grafting. Additionally, recognizing the balance of these materials helps in understanding the biological responses of the alveolar bone to various treatments and mechanical stressors.